The first aircraft entered service with Atlantic Southeast Airlines in October 1985. The size, speed and ceiling allowed faster and more direct services around the US and Europe, compared to similar aircraft. The Brasilia attracted immediate interest from many regional airlines, particularly in the US. Originally designed to utilise the new 1500 shp Pratt & Whitney Canada PW115 turboprop, it was later upgraded to the 1892 eshp PW118. No common parts from EMB 121 Xingu were used, and the capacity was revised from 24 to 30 seats. Thus, a completely new aircraft – no longer related to the 12X family – was launched.
Araguaia's name was changed to Brasilia in 1979 at the official launching of the project, when at a CAAA (Commuter Airline Association of America) convention several suggestions from prospective operators were collected and incorporated to EMB 120 design.
EMB 121 was the sole 12X model effectively produced. The Family 12X comprised three models with modular concept designs: EMB 120 Araguaia, EMB 123 Tapajós and EMB 121 Xingu. After the success of the EMB 110 Bandeirante, Embraer began the development of their first transport category airliner in 1974.
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